Aztecs, NASA, longevity: what makes spirulina so special

May 16, 2025

Azteken, NASA, Longevity: Was Spirulina besonders macht

May 16, 2025

Spirulina has been used by humans and studied by scientists for centuries. From the Aztecs to NASA, it has fascinated people with its dense nutrient profile and potential for longevity. But what is really behind it? What does the latest research say? Here you will find a comprehensive overview.

Habitat and nutrient profile of spirulina

Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) is a photosynthetically active cyanobacterium, often colloquially referred to as microalgae. It thrives in highly alkaline, mineral-rich waters and is now cultivated worldwide in aquaculture under controlled conditions, mostly in shallow, open basins that provide optimal growing conditions. Cultivation is resource-efficient, climate-friendly, and yields high returns.

The dried biomass consists of up to 70% high-quality protein, which contains almost all essential amino acids, including methionine and cysteine in smaller amounts. Spirulina also provides numerous micronutrients such as iron, magnesium, calcium, zinc, and vitamins B1, B2, and B3. The nutrient profile is supplemented by polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially gamma-linolenic acid, as well as bioactive plant substances such as phycocyanin, chlorophyll, beta-carotene, and other carotenoids. Spirulina is particularly easy to digest because its cell walls do not contain cellulose. It also provides large amounts of antioxidants such as beta-carotene.

Spirulina is a nutrient-rich microalgae

In 2008, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) published a report describing spirulina as an exceptionally nutrient-rich microalgae. The report clearly highlighted its potential for food security, health promotion, and sustainable use under difficult environmental conditions. At the same time, it emphasized that spirulina can contribute to improving nutrition, creating local sources of income, and providing humanitarian relief.

Spirulina - from traditional cultures to NASA

The history of spirulina goes back a long way. The Aztecs used it as a concentrated source of nutrients from Lake Texcoco. Spirulina was also traditionally collected, dried, and consumed daily at Lake Chad in Africa. This knowledge was lost for a time until modern research rediscovered the plant.

It is particularly exciting that NASA has been intensively researching spirulina as part of its space programs. It was considered an ideal source of nutrients for long missions because it is very nutrient-rich and can be cultivated efficiently. Preclinical studies under space conditions have investigated potential benefits for the immune system, antioxidant cell defense, and bone health.

The current state of science

The medical database PubMed currently lists more than 100 human studies on spirulina. These studies cover topics such as the immune system, metabolism, oxidative stress, cardiovascular health, cognitive aging, and chronic inflammation.

The results show that spirulina can have a positive effect on certain health markers. The effects are mostly moderate but consistent and particularly useful in preventive or complementary use.

Clinically relevant: a recent meta-analysis

In a systematic meta-analysis with GRADE assessment from 2023, 20 high-quality studies with a total of 1,076 participants were evaluated (PMID: 37263369).

The following changes were observed:

LDL cholesterol decreased by an average of 10 to 40 mg/dl, which corresponds to approximately 5-15%.
HDL cholesterol increased by 2 to 7 mg per deciliter, which corresponds to around 5-10%.
Triglycerides decreased by 20 to 70 mg per deciliter, which corresponds to around 10-20%.

These effects are considered clinically relevant as they could potentially reduce the risk of heart attack or stroke. The best results were observed with a daily intake of 4 to 9 grams. 4 grams mainly improved HDL, while 5 grams were particularly effective for triglycerides.

Compared to medications such as statins, which lower LDL levels by 30-50%, the effect of spirulina is significantly lower. However, none of the studies examined reported any relevant side effects. This makes spirulina a well-tolerated option.

Spirulina in the context of longevity

As you can see, spirulina is one of the most nutrient-dense plants in the world and an increasingly recognized supplement in holistic health strategies. Due to its high content of proteins, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and bioactive compounds, it offers a wide range of potential benefits for the human body. A consistent pattern is evident, particularly with regard to fat metabolism, antioxidant protection, and anti-inflammatory processes.